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Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, [9] and the teachings of Muhammad. [10] Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.
Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God [1] and that Muhammad is His last Messenger. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Islam.
Abdullah Saeed was born in the Maldives.He graduated from the Islamic University of Medina in 1986 with a Bachelor of Arts in Arabic and Islamic Studies. He holds an MA in Applied Linguistics as well as a PhD in Islamic Studies from the University of Melbourne, earned in 1992 and 1994, respectively.
The Christian doctrine of the Trinity states that God is a single being who exists, simultaneously and eternally, as a communion of three distinct persons, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. In Islam, such plurality in God is a denial of monotheism and thus a sin of shirk, [308] which is considered to be a major 'al-Kaba'ir' sin. [309] [310]
This matches the common view in Europe during the Enlightenment period about Islam, then synonymous with the Ottoman Empire, as a bloody, ruthless, and intolerant religion. [47] More recently, in 2006, a similar statement of Manuel II, [ a ] quoted publicly by Pope Benedict XVI , prompted a negative response from Muslim figures who viewed the ...
Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Islamic religion, which is based on the Quran, ḥadīth literature, and sunnah (accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad), [1] [2] and elements of political movements and tendencies followed by Muslims or Islamic states throughout the history of Islam.
Islam Without Extremes: A Muslim Case for Liberty. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-07086-6. Alrabaa, Sami (2010). Veiled Atrocities: True Stories of Oppression in Saudi Arabia. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-1-61614-159-2. Al-Rasheed, Madawi (2007). Contesting the Saudi State: Islamic Voices from a New Generation. New York ...
Critique of Religious Thought [1] (Arabic: نقد الفكر الديني) [2] is a book by the Syrian philosopher and thinker, Sadiq Jalal Al-Azm. [3] It was published in its first edition in 1969 by Dar Al-Tali`a in Beirut, and then it was republished in dozens of editions. Upon its publication, the book caused (and still now) a sensation in ...