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The epileptic seizure in the vast majority of pediatric epilepsy patients is ephemeral, and symptoms typically subside on their own after the seizure comes to an end, but some children experience what is known as a “seizure cluster," in which the first seizure is followed by a second episode approximately six hours later.
A seizure is a sudden change in behavior, movement or consciousness due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. [3] [6] Seizures can look different in different people.. It can be uncontrolled shaking of the whole body (tonic-clonic seizures) or a person spacing out for a few seconds (absence seizure
A simple febrile seizure is generalized, occurs singularly, and lasts less than 15 minutes. [19] A complex febrile seizure can be focused in an area of the body, occur more than once, and lasts for more than 15 minutes. [19] Febrile seizures affect 2–4% of children in the United States and Western Europe. It is the most common childhood ...
Status epilepticus (SE), or status seizure, is a medical condition with abnormally prolonged seizures.It can have long-term consequences, [3] manifesting as a single seizure lasting more than a defined time (time point 1), or 2 or more seizures over the same period without the person returning to normal between them.
Dravet syndrome (DS), previously known as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder which causes a catastrophic form of epilepsy, with prolonged seizures that are often triggered by hot temperatures or fever. [1]
The onset of seizures is between the ages of 2 and 5 years of age. EEG shows regular and irregular bilaterally synchronous 2- to 3-Hz spike-waves and polyspike patterns with a 4- to 7-Hz background. 84% of affected children show normal development prior to seizures; the remainder show moderate psychomotor retardation mainly affecting speech.
The majority of patients (58.2%) have frequent myoclonic jerks, [13] with some sources stating that all patients with JME have myoclonic seizures. [10] Generalized tonic–clonic seizures are less common [13] but still reported in 85–90%. [10] Absence seizures are believed to be least common, with an estimated prevalence between 10% and 40%.
Panayiotopoulos syndrome (named after C. P. Panayiotopoulos) is a common idiopathic childhood-related seizure disorder that occurs exclusively in otherwise normal children (idiopathic epilepsy) and manifests mainly with autonomic epileptic seizures and autonomic status epilepticus. [1]