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2. Subtraction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtraction

   Subtraction also obeys predictable rules concerning related operations, such as addition and multiplication. All of these rules can be proven, starting with the subtraction of integers and generalizing up through the real numbers and beyond. General binary operations that follow these patterns are studied in abstract algebra.

3. Signed number representations - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed_number_representations

   Addition of a pair of two's-complement integers is the same as addition of a pair of unsigned numbers (except for detection of overflow, if that is done); the same is true for subtraction and even for N lowest significant bits of a product (value of multiplication). For instance, a two's-complement addition of 127 and −128 gives the same ...

4. Two's complement - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two's_complement

   Two's complement is the most common method of representing signed (positive, negative, and zero) integers on computers, [1] and more generally, fixed point binary values. Two's complement uses the binary digit with the greatest value as the sign to indicate whether the binary number is positive or negative; when the most significant bit is 1 the number is signed as negative and when the most ...

5. Arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic

   Arithmetic is the fundamental branch of mathematics that studies numbers and their operations. In particular, it deals with numerical calculations using the arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. [1]

6. Binary operation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_operation

   By changing the set to the set of integers , this binary operation becomes a partial binary operation since it is now undefined when = and is any negative integer. For either set, this operation has a right identity (which is 1 {\displaystyle 1} ) since f ( a , 1 ) = a {\displaystyle f(a,1)=a} for all a {\displaystyle a} in the set, which is ...

7. Ones' complement - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ones'_complement

   The ones' complement of a binary number is the value obtained by inverting (flipping) all the bits in the binary representation of the number. The name "ones' complement" [1] refers to the fact that such an inverted value, if added to the original, would always produce an "all ones" number (the term "complement" refers to such pairs of mutually additive inverse numbers, here in respect to a ...

8. Negative number - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_number

   Liu Hui (c. 3rd century) established rules for adding and subtracting negative numbers. [4] By the 7th century, Indian mathematicians such as Brahmagupta were describing the use of negative numbers. Islamic mathematicians further developed the rules of subtracting and multiplying negative numbers and solved problems with negative coefficients. [5]

9. List of set identities and relations - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_set_identities_and...

   Set subtraction complexity: To manage the many identities involving set subtraction, this section is divided based on where the set subtraction operation and parentheses are located on the left hand side of the identity.