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Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin medication used to prevent and treat stomach and duodenal ulcers, induce labor, cause an abortion, and treat postpartum bleeding due to poor contraction of the uterus. [10] [11] It is taken by mouth when used to prevent gastric ulcers in people taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). [11]
It is also used to relieve pain from duodenal ulcers when other treatments have been ineffective. [14] Misoprostol can be used to induce labor in patients at the end of pregnancy. It causes cervical ripening, or the thinning and shortening of the cervix in preparation for birth. It also causes uterine contractions, allowing the body to expel ...
Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) achieves cervical ripening and softening by stimulating uterine contractions as well as directly acting on the collagenase present in the cervix to soften it. [7] There are currently two formulations of PGE 2 analog available for use in cervical ripening: Prepidil, a vaginal gel, and Cervidil, a vaginal insert. [24]
Use of mifepristone as a cervical ripening agent has been described. [169] The medication has been studied as an antiandrogen in the treatment of prostate cancer. [170] [171] Mifepristone showed no detectable anti-HIV activity in clinical trials. [51] [55] [172] [173]
Cervical ripening using dinoprostone vaginal inserts have the same rates of neonatal morbidity, caesarean section, and labor onset when used in the outpatient setting and the inpatient setting. [20] Evidence for use of misoprostol in the outpatient versus inpatient setting was insufficient to draw conclusions.
Labor induction is the process or treatment that stimulates childbirth and delivery. Inducing (starting) labor can be accomplished with pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical methods. In Western countries, it is estimated that one-quarter of pregnant women have their labor medically induced with drug treatment. [1]
Prostaglandin analogues such as misoprostol are used in treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers. [2] Misoprostol and other prostaglandin analogues protect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract from harmful stomach acid and are especially indicated for the elderly on continuous doses of NSAIDs .
Prasterone sulfate (brand names Astenile, Mylis, Teloin, others), also known as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), is a naturally occurring androstane steroid which is marketed and used in Japan and other countries as a labor inducer in the treatment of insufficient cervical ripening and dilation during childbirth.