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There are also two numbers: singular (mulier "woman") and plural (mulierēs "women"). As well as having gender and number, nouns, adjectives, and pronouns have different endings according to their function in the sentence, for example, rēx "the king" (subject), but rēgem "the king" (object). These different endings are called "cases".
The principal parts usually adhere to one of the following patterns: The perfect has the suffix -āvī. The majority of first-conjugation verbs follow this pattern, which is considered to be "regular", for example: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātum, "to love"; imperō, imperāre, imperāvī, imperātum, "to order";
Plural neuter nouns of other declensions always end in -a (in the nominative, accusative and vocative). In Neo-Latin, a plural form is necessary in order to express the modern concept of 'viruses', leading to the following declension: [8] [9] [10]
Languages with a rich agreement morphology facilitate relatively free word order without leading to increased ambiguity. The canonical word order in Basque is subject–object–verb , but all permutations of subject, verb and object are permitted.
In English, and in Indo-European languages in general, the verb is singular or plural to match whether the subject of the sentence is singular or plural. Oppositely, in Xavante, transitive verbs match the number of the object. [323] In West Greenlandic, the verb is marked for the number of both the subject and the object. [324]
Latin declension is the set of patterns according to which Latin words are declined—that is, have their endings altered to show grammatical case, number and gender.Nouns, pronouns, and adjectives are declined (verbs are conjugated), and a given pattern is called a declension.
The perfect is also used in sentences such as the following, which describe a permanent state, as opposed to the imperfect, which describes a temporary one: [156] Samia mihī māter fuit; ea habitābat Rhodī (Terence) [157] 'my mother was a Samian; she was living in Rhodes (at that time)'
The plural may be used to emphasise the plurality of the attribute, especially in British English but very rarely in American English: a careers advisor, a languages expert. The plural is also more common with irregular plurals for various attributions: women killers are women who kill, whereas woman killers are those who kill women.