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Neutrophils extravasate from blood vessels to the site of tissue injury or infection during the innate immune response.. In immunology, leukocyte extravasation (also commonly known as leukocyte adhesion cascade or diapedesis – the passage of cells through the intact vessel wall) is the movement of leukocytes (white blood cells) out of the circulatory system (extravasation) and towards the ...
Extravasation is the leakage of a fluid out of its contained space into the surrounding area, especially blood or blood cells from vessels. In the case of inflammation, it refers to the movement of white blood cells through the capillary wall, into the surrounding tissues. This is known as leukocyte extravasation, also called
The process of leukocyte movement from the blood to the tissues through the blood vessels is known as extravasation and can be broadly divided up into a number of steps: Leukocyte margination and endothelial adhesion: The white blood cells within the vessels which are generally centrally located move peripherally towards the walls of the ...
In cellular biology, angiopellosis (cell extravasation) is the movement of cells out of the circulatory system, into the surrounding tissue.This process is specific to non-leukocytic cells; white blood cells (leukocytes) employ diapedesis for movement out of circulation.
At high stresses, the binding affinities are still reduced because the selectin-ligand bond is still a normal slip bond. It is thought that this shear stress threshold helps select for the right diameter of blood vessels to initiate leukocyte extravasation, and may also help prevent inappropriate leukocyte aggregation during vascular stasis. [12]
To fight infection, leukocytes must move from the blood into the affected tissues. This movement into tissues is called extravasation. It requires successive forming and breaking of cell-cell interactions between the leukocytes and the endothelial cells that line blood vessels.
This interaction and leukocyte extravasation is mediated by cell adhesion molecules on both leukocytes and endothelium. The endothelial cells normally express low levels of adhesion molecules, but at places of inflammation these adhesion molecules become expressed due to the exposure to inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 1, interferon ...
The encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is likely involved in leukocyte transmigration, angiogenesis, and integrin activation. [5] CD31 on endothelial cells binds to the CD38 receptor on natural killer cells for those cells to attach to the endothelium .