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Internal fixation refers to fixation of screws and/or plates, intramedullary rods and other devices to enable or facilitate healing. Rigid fixation prevents micro-motion across lines of fracture to enable healing and prevent infection, which happens when implants such as plates (e.g. dynamic compression plate ) are used.
X-ray showing the proximal portion of a fractured tibia with an intramedullary nail Proximal femur nail with locking and stabilisation screws for treatment of femur fractures of left thigh. An intramedullary rod, also known as an intramedullary nail (IM nail) or inter-locking nail or Küntscher nail (without proximal or distal fixation), is a ...
Küntscher invented what is known as the Küntscher nail, an internal fixation device used to maintain the position of the fracture fragments during healing. The nail is rigid and has a cloverleaf shape in cross-section. Küntscher first performed the process using the nail in November 1939 at the University Department of Surgery in Kiel.
Kirschner wire for fixation of small bones [24] Kuntscher nail for fracture of the shaft of the femur [25] Luque rod: for fixation of the spine [26] Moore's pin for fracture of the neck of the femur; Neer's prosthesis for shoulder replacement [27] Rush nail for diaphyseal fractures of a long bone [28] Smith-Petersen nail for fracture of the ...
After definitive fixation they are then removed. The pins are usually removed four weeks post operation. [1] They can be used for definitive fixation if the fracture fragments are small (e.g. wrist fractures and hand injuries). In some settings they can be used for intramedullary fixation of bones such as the ulna.
A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.
Fixation is done by internal fixation rather than conservatively, along with treatment of the underlying cause. [4] Once a fracture has occurred, intramedullary fixation is the usual surgical management for certain long bones, such as the femur, tibia, and fibula. [5]
The use of intramedullary rods to treat fractures of the femur and tibia was pioneered by Gerhard Küntscher of Germany. This made a noticeable difference to the speed of recovery of injured German soldiers during World War II and led to more widespread adoption of intramedullary fixation of fractures in the rest of the world.