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In the next step, b(x) is divided by r 0 (x) yielding a remainder r 1 (x) = x 2 + x + 2. Finally, dividing r 0 ( x ) by r 1 ( x ) yields a zero remainder, indicating that r 1 ( x ) is the greatest common divisor polynomial of a ( x ) and b ( x ) , consistent with their factorization.
In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another, called the modulus of the operation.. Given two positive numbers a and n, a modulo n (often abbreviated as a mod n) is the remainder of the Euclidean division of a by n, where a is the dividend and n is the divisor.
Given an integer a and a non-zero integer d, it can be shown that there exist unique integers q and r, such that a = qd + r and 0 ≤ r < | d |. The number q is called the quotient, while r is called the remainder. (For a proof of this result, see Euclidean division. For algorithms describing how to calculate the remainder, see Division algorithm.)
In the imperative programming style, the same algorithm becomes, giving a name to each intermediate remainder: r 0 := a r 1 := b for (i := 1; r i ≤ 0; i := i + 1) do r i+1 := rem(r i−1, r i) end do return r i-1. The sequence of the degrees of the r i is strictly decreasing. Thus after, at most, deg(b) steps, one get a null remainder, say r k.
Thus, the function may be more "cheaply" evaluated using synthetic division and the polynomial remainder theorem. The factor theorem is another application of the remainder theorem: if the remainder is zero, then the linear divisor is a factor. Repeated application of the factor theorem may be used to factorize the polynomial. [3]
The divisors of 10 illustrated with Cuisenaire rods: 1, 2, 5, and 10. In mathematics, a divisor of an integer , also called a factor of , is an integer that may be multiplied by some integer to produce . [1] In this case, one also says that is a multiple of .
Long division is the standard algorithm used for pen-and-paper division of multi-digit numbers expressed in decimal notation. It shifts gradually from the left to the right end of the dividend, subtracting the largest possible multiple of the divisor (at the digit level) at each stage; the multiples then become the digits of the quotient, and the final difference is then the remainder.
Although all of the preceding text is written in terms of divisibility by the generator polynomial, any fixed remainder () may be used and will perform just as well as a zero remainder. Most commonly, the all-ones polynomial ( x n + 1 ) / ( x + 1 ) {\displaystyle (x^{n}+1)/(x+1)} is used, but, for example, the asynchronous transfer mode header ...