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[3] [4] It is given by injection into a muscle or vein, [2] by pill or sublingually. Side effects are generally few. [2] They may include diarrhea, feeling sick, hot flushes, itchiness, low blood potassium, allergic reactions, and high blood pressure. [2] Normal doses are considered safe in pregnancy. [5]
One study in 184 premature infants, reported that individuals given monthly vitamin B 12 injections (100 μg) or taking supplements of vitamin B 12 and folic acid (100 μg/day), had higher haemoglobin concentrations after 10–12 weeks, compared to those only taking folic acid or those taking no vitamin B 12 injections. [87] In deficient ...
For many biologics (e.g., monoclonal antibodies), injection site reactions are the most common adverse effect of the drug, and have been reported to have an incidence rate of 0.5–40%. [2] In trials of subcutaneous administration of oligonucleotides, between 22 and 100% of subjects developed reactions depending on the oligonucleotide. [6]
The 2013–2014 survey reported that for adults ages 20 years and older, men consumed an average of 249 μg/day folate from food plus 207 μg/day of folic acid from consumption of fortified foods, for a combined total of 601 μg/day of dietary folate equivalents (DFEs because each microgram of folic acid counts as 1.7 μg of food folate).
Both high-folate diets and supplemental folic acid may help reduce the toxic side-effects of low-dose methotrexate without decreasing its effectiveness. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Anyone taking low-dose methotrexate for the health problems listed above should consult with a physician about the need for a folic acid supplement.
Folic acid is a synthetic derivative of folate and is acquired by dietary supplementation. [25] Multi-vitamin dietary supplements contain folic acid as well as other B vitamins. Non-prescription folic acid is available as a dietary supplement in some countries, and some countries require the fortification of wheat flour, corn meal or rice with ...
Folinic acid, also known as leucovorin, is a medication used to decrease the toxic effects of methotrexate and pyrimethamine. [2] [3] It is also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil to treat colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer, may be used to treat folate deficiency that results in anemia, and methanol poisoning.
They are given by injection. [2] Common side effects may include joint pain, rash, vomiting, and headache. [4] Serious side effects may include heart attacks, stroke, increased cancer growth, or pure red cell aplasia. [2] It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. [5] [6] They work similar to naturally occurring erythropoietin. [1]