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The precast concrete slab has tubular voids extending the full length of the slab, typically with a diameter equal to the 2/3–3/4 the thickness of the slab. This makes the slab much lighter than a massive solid concrete floor slab of equal thickness or strength. The reduced weight also lowers material and transportation costs.
A multistorey car park in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic The interior of a shopping mall's parking garage in Kungälv, Sweden. A multistorey car park [1] [2] (Commonwealth English) or parking garage (American English), [1] also called a multistorey, [3] parking building, parking structure, parkade (), parking ramp, parking deck, or indoor parking, is a building designed for car, motorcycle ...
Corrugated galvanised iron (CGI) or steel, colloquially corrugated iron (near universal), wriggly tin (taken from UK military slang), pailing (in Caribbean English), corrugated sheet metal (in North America), zinc (in Cyprus and Nigeria) or custom orb / corro sheet (Australia), is a building material composed of sheets of hot-dip galvanised ...
For a suspended slab, there are a number of designs to improve the strength-to-weight ratio. In all cases the top surface remains flat, and the underside is modulated: A corrugated slab is designed when the concrete is poured into a corrugated steel tray, more commonly called decking. This steel tray improves strength of the slab, and prevents ...
The steel columns will be connected to the slab by bolting and/or welding them to steel studs extruding from the surface of the poured concrete slab. Pre-cast concrete beams may be delivered on site to be installed for the second floor, after which a concrete slab may be poured for the pavement area. This can be done for multiple stories. [17]
Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility.
Waffle slab foundations adhere to International Building Code requirements. By 2008, most states put into effect the changes adopted in the 2006 IBC and, in regards to foundations, the on-grade mat foundation has become a more attractive design because, as an engineered system, it already accommodates the 2008 design recommendations, and required no major modifications to bring it into compliance.
[37] [143] [166] The bottom of the core is stabilized by a circular slab measuring 60 feet (18 m) across; it ranges in thickness from 10 to 48 inches (250 to 1,220 mm), with the outermost portions of the slab being thinner. [246] The walls of the core are 7 to 10 inches (180 to 250 mm) thick. [132] There is a staircase and an elevator in the core.