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Babylonian mathematics is a range of numeric and more advanced mathematical practices in the ancient Near East, written in cuneiform script.Study has historically focused on the First Babylonian dynasty old Babylonian period in the early second millennium BC due to the wealth of data available.
An Old Babylonian tablet (Strasbourg 363) seeks the solution of a quadratic equation. [1] c. 1800 BC: The Plimpton 322 tablet gives a table of Pythagorean triples in Babylonian Cuneiform script. [2] 1800 BC: Berlin Papyrus 6619 (19th dynasty) contains a quadratic equation and its solution. [3] [4] 800 BC
The majority of Babylonian mathematical work comes from two widely separated periods: The first few hundred years of the second millennium BC (Old Babylonian period), and the last few centuries of the first millennium BC (Seleucid period). [20] It is named Babylonian mathematics due to the central role of Babylon as a place of study
In indeterminate analysis Brahmagupta gives the Pythagorean triads , (), (+), but this is a modified form of an old Babylonian rule that Brahmagupta may have been familiar with. [51] He was the first to give a general solution to the linear Diophantine equation a x + b y = c , {\displaystyle ax+by=c,} where a , b , {\displaystyle a,b,} and c ...
Jens Egede Høyrup, born 1943 in Copenhagen, is a Danish historian of mathematics, specializing in pre-modern and early modern mathematics, ancient Mesopotamian mathematics in particular. He is especially known for his interpretation of what has often been referred to as Old Babylonian "algebra" as consisting of concrete, geometric manipulations.
The earliest mathematical texts available are from Mesopotamia and Egypt – Plimpton 322 (Babylonian c. 2000 – 1900 BC), [2] the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian c. 1800 BC) [3] and the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian c. 1890 BC).
4,000-year-old Babylonian tablets found in present-day Iraq have finally been deciphered. Image credits: Trustees of the British Museum. The Babylonians, ...
Plimpton 322 is a Babylonian clay tablet, believed to have been written around 1800 BC, that contains a mathematical table written in cuneiform script.Each row of the table relates to a Pythagorean triple, that is, a triple of integers (,,) that satisfies the Pythagorean theorem, + =, the rule that equates the sum of the squares of the legs of a right triangle to the square of the hypotenuse.