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History of Animals (Ancient Greek: Τῶν περὶ τὰ ζῷα ἱστοριῶν, Ton peri ta zoia historion, "Inquiries on Animals"; Latin: Historia Animalium, "History of Animals") is one of the major texts on biology by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. It was written in sometime between the mid-fourth century BC and Aristotle's ...
Progression of Animals (or On the Gait of Animals; Greek: Περὶ πορείας ζῴων; Latin: De incessu animalium) is one of Aristotle's major texts on biology. It gives details of gait and movement in various kinds of animals, as well as speculating over the structural homologies among living things.
Aristotle (384–322 BC) studied at Plato's Academy in Athens, remaining there for about 20 years.Like Plato, he sought universals in his philosophy, but unlike Plato he backed up his views with detailed and systematic observation, notably of the natural history of the island of Lesbos, where he spent about two years, and the marine life in the seas around it, especially of the Pyrrha lagoon ...
Greek text: Parva Naturalia (Biehl's 1898 Teubner edition); HTML text from HODOI (with concordance) and Mikros apoplous (with Modern Greek translation and notes) 1908 English translation by J.I. Beare and G.R.T. Ross (Oxford 1931): archive.org; 1902 English translation by William Alexander Hammond (1861-1938): Google Books, archive.org, audiobook
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He criticized the dichotomous taxonomy practiced in Plato's Academy, since much of the time, it is superfluous and “pointless.” [2] He concludes by defending the study of animals as a science as important as that of celestial bodies. [3] Aristotle affirmed that every living being consists of two intrinsic parts: [4] Primary matter (οὐσία)
When Aristotle moved to Mytilene on Lesbos in 345/4, it is very likely that he did so at the urging of Theophrastus. [8] It seems that it was on Lesbos that Aristotle and Theophrastus began their research into natural science, with Aristotle studying animals and Theophrastus studying plants. [9]
They may have known the Aristotelian Kitāb al-Hayawān at second hand from Arabic compendiums of selected passages from the book. The only extant compendium is the Maqāla Tushtamalu ‘àla Fusūl min Kitāb al-Hayawān , attributed (probably falsely) to Mūsà bin Maymūn ( Moses Maimonides ), and the Greek Compendium of Nicolaus Damascenus ...