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However, these differences haven’t led to a way to diagnose bipolar disorder. It’s possible that brain structure abnormalities may go away with treatment, especially treatment with the mood ...
Mood disorders fall into seven groups, [2] including; abnormally elevated mood, such as mania or hypomania; depressed mood, of which the best-known and most researched is major depressive disorder (MDD) (alternatively known as clinical depression, unipolar depression, or major depression); and moods which cycle between mania and depression ...
There is also research showing that clinical features and socio-demographic characteristics of bipolar disorder and unipolar mania patients are homogenous; any differences are non-significant. [ 16 ] [ 18 ] With disparities in both diagnosis criteria and research findings, as well as the small sample sizes in the studies, unipolar mania as a ...
[104] [105] [106] A key difference between bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder is the nature of the mood swings; in contrast to the sustained changes to mood over days to weeks or longer, those of the latter condition (more accurately called emotional dysregulation) are sudden and often short-lived, and secondary to social ...
Another mood disorder, bipolar disorder, features one or more episodes of abnormally elevated mood, cognition, and energy levels, but may also involve one or more episodes of depression. [43] Individuals with bipolar depression are often misdiagnosed with unipolar depression. [44]
The cause of Bipolar disorder can be attributed to misfiring neurotransmitters that overstimulate the amygdala, which in turn causes the prefrontal cortex to stop working properly. The bipolar patient becomes overwhelmed with emotional stimulation with no way of understanding it, which can trigger mania and exacerbate the effects of depression ...
A variety of other agents have been tried in bipolar disorder, including benzodiazepines, calcium channel blockers, L-methylfolate, and thyroid hormone. [2] Modafinil (Provigil) and pramipexole (Mirapex) have been suggested for treating cognitive dysfunction associated with bipolar depression, but evidence supporting their use is quite limited.
In the eastern Mediterranean region, it was unipolar major depression (12%) and schizophrenia (7%), and in Africa it was unipolar major depression (7%) and bipolar disorder (5%). [ 79 ] Suicide, which is often attributed to some underlying mental disorder, is a leading cause of death among teenagers and adults under 35.