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  2. Kinetic energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy

    [2] The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work , or force ( F ) in the direction of motion times its displacement ( s ), needed to accelerate the mass from rest to its stated velocity . Having gained this energy during its acceleration , it maintains this kinetic energy unless its speed changes.

  3. Mass–energy equivalence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass–energy_equivalence

    Mass near the M87* black hole is converted into a very energetic astrophysical jet, stretching five thousand light years.. In physics, mass–energy equivalence is the relationship between mass and energy in a system's rest frame, where the two quantities differ only by a multiplicative constant and the units of measurement.

  4. Energy–momentum relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy–momentum_relation

    This equation holds for a body or system, such as one or more particles, with total energy E, invariant mass m 0, and momentum of magnitude p; the constant c is the speed of light. It assumes the special relativity case of flat spacetime [1] [2] [3] and that the particles are free.

  5. Equipartition theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equipartition_theorem

    The (Newtonian) kinetic energy of a particle of mass m, velocity v is given by = | | = (+ +), where v x, v y and v z are the Cartesian components of the velocity v.Here, H is short for Hamiltonian, and used henceforth as a symbol for energy because the Hamiltonian formalism plays a central role in the most general form of the equipartition theorem.

  6. Newton–Euler equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton–Euler_equations

    m = mass of the body I 3 = the 3×3 identity matrix a cm = acceleration of the center of mass v cm = velocity of the center of mass τ = total torque acting about the center of mass I cm = moment of inertia about the center of mass ω = angular velocity of the body α = angular acceleration of the body

  7. Action (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_(physics)

    Action is significant because it is an input to the principle of stationary action, an approach to classical mechanics that is simpler for multiple objects. [1] Action and the variational principle are used in Feynman's formulation of quantum mechanics [2] and in general relativity. [3]

  8. Kepler's equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler's_equation

    Solving for is more or less equivalent to solving for the true anomaly, or the difference between the true anomaly and the mean anomaly, which is called the "Equation of the center". One can write an infinite series expression for the solution to Kepler's equation using Lagrange inversion , but the series does not converge for all combinations ...

  9. List of equations in quantum mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equations_in...

    One particle: N particles: One dimension ^ = ^ + = + ^ = = ^ + (,,) = = + (,,) where the position of particle n is x n. = + = = +. (,) = /.There is a further restriction — the solution must not grow at infinity, so that it has either a finite L 2-norm (if it is a bound state) or a slowly diverging norm (if it is part of a continuum): [1] ‖ ‖ = | |.