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A history of heartburn or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and use of certain medications can raise the suspicion for peptic ulcer. Medicines associated with peptic ulcer include NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) that inhibit cyclooxygenase and most glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone and prednisolone). [14]
Indigestion is subcategorized as either "organic" or "functional dyspepsia", but making the diagnosis can prove challenging for physicians. [6] Organic indigestion is the result of an underlying disease, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (an ulcer of the stomach or duodenum), or cancer. [6]
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract, even the stomach, although it's a rare presentation. Its main feature is inflammatory ulcers that can affect the total thickness of the stomach wall and can bleed but rarely perforate. Symptoms include abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
In rare cases, bloating may occur in individuals who have milk intolerance (lactose intolerance), parasite infections such as giardia, food poisoning , celiac disease, severe peptic ulcer disease, bowel obstruction, or after certain types of abdominal surgery. [5] Heart failure and cirrhosis are also a common cause of distension. In both of ...
The exact cause of functional dyspepsia is unknown however there have been many hypotheses regarding the mechanisms. Theories behind the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia include gastroduodenal motility, gastroduodenal sensitivity, intestinal microbiota , immune dysfunction, gut-brain axis dysfunction, abnormalities of gastric electrical ...
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Gastritis is the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. [1] It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration. [1] There may be no symptoms but, when symptoms are present, the most common is upper abdominal pain (see dyspepsia). [1]
Gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause acid erosion of the teeth and halitosis. Gardner's syndrome can be associated with failure of tooth eruption, supernumerary teeth, and dentigerous cysts. Peutz–Jeghers syndrome can cause dark spots on the oral mucosa or on the lips or the skin around the mouth.