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This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day. [citation needed]
The Quran was canonized only after Muhammad's death in 632 CE. According to Islamic tradition the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 23/644–35 AH/655 CE) established the canonical Qur'an, reportedly starting the process in 644 CE, [6] and completing the work around 650 CE (the exact date was not recorded by early Arab annalists). [7]
A state church (or "established church") is a state religion established by a state for use exclusively by that state. In the case of a state church , the state has absolute control over the church, but in the case of a state religion , the church is ruled by an exterior body; for example, in the case of Catholicism, the Vatican has control ...
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
An Islamic state is a type of government in which the primary basis for government is Islamic religious law (sharia).From the early years of Islam, numerous governments have been founded as "Islamic", beginning most notably with the caliphate established by Muhammad himself and including subsequent governments ruled under the direction of a caliph (meaning "successor" to the Islamic prophet ...
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
The Islamic Center of America, the largest mosque in the USA, located in Michigan. Shia Muslims comprise 15-20% of Muslims in the Americas; [13] which is nearly 786,000 [14] to 2.500.000 persons in the U.S. [15] Shia Muslims are situated on United States.
Andrae disagrees, writing that the Muslim state of ihram (which restricted their freedom of action) and the paucity of arms carried indicated that the pilgrimage was always intended to be pacific. Most Islamic scholars agree with Andrae's view. [64] Upon hearing of the approaching 1,400 Muslims, the Quraysh sent out a force of 200 cavalry to ...