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Thio- can be prefixed with di-and tri-in chemical nomenclature. The word derives from Ancient Greek θεῖον (theîon) 'sulfur' (which occurs in Greek epic poetry as θέ(ϝ)ειον, théweion and may come from the same root as Latin fumus (Indo-European dh-w) and may have originally meant "fumigation substance".)
Meaning Origin language and etymology Example(s) quadr(i)-four Latin quattuor: quadriceps: radi-radiation Latin radiō, I radiate, emit beams; from radius, ray of light, spoke of a wheel radiowave: radic-referring to the beginning, or the root, of a structure, usually a nerve or a vein Latin rādīx, root radiculopathy: re-again, back Latin re ...
Chemical nomenclature however (with IUPAC nomenclature as the best example) is necessarily more restrictive: Its purpose is to standardize communication and practice so that, when a chemical term is used it has a fixed meaning relating to chemical structure, thereby giving insights into chemical properties and derived molecular functions. These ...
The following is an alphabetical list of Greek and Latin roots, stems, and prefixes commonly used in the English language from A to G. See also the lists from H to O and from P to Z.
Nomenclature of inorganic and organic chemistry; Standardization of atomic weights; Standardization of physical constants; Editing tables of properties of matter; Establishing a commission for the review of work; Standardization of the formats of publications; Measures required to prevent repetition of the same papers.
Some elements take their Latin name as the root e.g silver, Ag, argentide; copper, Cu, cupride; iron, Fe, ferride; tin, Sn, stannide; Polyatomic anions of the same element are named as the element name preceded by di-, tri-, etc., e.g.: O 2 2− dioxide(2−) (or peroxide as an acceptable name) C 2 2− dicarbide(2−) (or acetylide as an ...
The root language of a numerical prefix need not be related to the root language of the word that it prefixes. Some words comprising numerical prefixes are hybrid words. In certain classes of systematic names, there are a few other exceptions to the rule of using Greek-derived numerical prefixes.
Each digit is translated into a "numerical root" according to the table. The roots are concatenated , and the name is completed by the suffix -ium . Some of the roots are Latin and others are Greek , to avoid two digits starting with the same letter (for example, the Greek-derived pent is used instead of the Latin-derived quint to avoid ...