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Sicily and Malta were inhabited by two successive waves of dwarf elephants derived from P. antiquus, which first arrived on the islands at least 500,000 years ago. The first of these species is P. falconeri, which is one of the smallest dwarf elephant species at around 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall, and was strongly modified from its ancestor in numerous aspects, which lived in a depauperate fauna ...
Stegoloxodon is an extinct genus of dwarf elephant known from the Early Pleistocene of Indonesia. It contains two species, S. indonesicus from Java, and S. celebensis from Sulawesi. Its relationship with other elephants is uncertain.
Palaeoloxodon falconeri is an extinct species of dwarf elephant from the Middle Pleistocene (around 500–200,000 years ago) of Sicily and Malta. It is amongst the smallest of all dwarf elephants, under 1 metre (3.3 ft) in height as fully grown adults.
Common name Scientific name Range Comments Pictures Syrian elephant: Elephas maximus asurus: Mesopotamia: Archaeological evidence and historical records imply an extinction caused by hunting and deforestation in the 8th century BCE, with war elephants from the 3rd century BCE onward being imports from South Asia.
Estimated sizes of dwarf Stegodon species from Flores compared to a human Similar to modern-day elephants, stegodonts were likely good swimmers, [ 11 ] [ 12 ] allowing them to disperse to remote islands in Indonesia, the Philippines and Japan.
Sulawesi dwarf stegodont [26] Stegodon sompoensis: Sulawesi: Extinct Lesser Flores dwarf stegodont [3] Stegodon sondaari: Flores: Extinct (Middle Pleistocene) Sumba dwarf stegodont [32] Stegodon sumbaensis: Sumba, Indonesia: Extinct (Middle Pleistocene) Timor dwarf stegodont [26] Stegodon timorensis: Timor: Extinct Dwarf stegolophodont [33 ...
The Borneo elephant, also called the Bornean elephant or the Borneo pygmy elephant, is a subspecies of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) that inhabits northeastern Borneo, in Indonesia and Malaysia. Its origin remains the subject of debate.
The Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is one of three recognized subspecies of the Asian elephant, and native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra.In 2011, IUCN upgraded the conservation status of the Sumatran elephant from endangered to critically endangered in its Red List as the population had declined by at least 80% during the past three generations, estimated to be about 75 ...