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Zirconium phosphates (zirconium hydrogen phosphate) are acidic, inorganic cation exchange materials that have a layered structure with formula Zr(HPO 4) 2 ∙nH 2 O. [1] These salts have high thermal and chemical stability, solid state ion conductivity, resistance to ionizing radiation, and the capacity to incorporate different types of molecules with different sizes between their layers.
Zirconium diphosphide forms grey crystals that is insoluble in water. Zirconium diphosphide is very toxic. [3] Has a lead(II) chloride crystal structure. [4] [2] [5] It dissolves in warm concentrated sulfuric acid. It decomposes into phosphorus and ZrP when heated in vacuum: [6] ZrP 2 → ZrP + P
The general formula of a phosphoric acid is H n+2−2x P n O 3n+1−x, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure, between 0 and n + 2 / 2 . Pyrophosphate anion. Trimethyl orthophosphate.
Thus the oxidation rate R is 10 −20 g per 1 m 2 area per second at 0 °C, 6 × 10 −8 g m −2 s −1 at 300 °C, 5.4 mg m −2 s −1 at 700 °C and 300 mg m −2 s −1 at 1000 °C. Whereas there is no clear threshold of oxidation, it becomes noticeable at macroscopic scales at temperatures of several hundred °C.
A phosphate coating is usually obtained by applying to the steel part a dilute solution of phosphoric acid, possibly with soluble iron, zinc, and/or manganese salts. The solution may be applied by sponging, spraying, or immersion. [6] Phosphate conversion coatings can also be used on aluminium, zinc, cadmium, silver and tin. [7] [8]
Zirconium monophosphide is a binary inorganic compound of zirconium metal and phosphorus with the chemical formula ZrP. [1] [2] [3] Preparation.
Zirconium (IV) hydroxide, often called hydrous zirconia is an ill-defined material or family of materials variously described as ZrO 2 ·nH 2 O and Zr(OH) 4 ·nH 2 O. All are white solids with low solubility in water. These materials are widely employed in the preparation of solid acid catalysts. [2] [3]
The crystalline patterns become visible when the meteorites are cut, polished, and acid-etched, because taenite is more resistant to the acid. The fine Widmanstätten pattern (lamellae width 0.3mm) of a Gibeon meteorite. The dimension of kamacite lamellae ranges from coarsest to finest (upon their size) as the nickel content increases.