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Fungus. an Aspergillus conidiophore. A fungus ( pl.: fungi [ 3] or funguses [ 4]) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae and either ...
The five-kingdom model remained the accepted classification until the development of molecular phylogenetics in the late 20th century, when it became apparent that protists are a paraphyletic group from which animals, fungi and plants evolved, and the three-domain system (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) became prevalent. [43]
Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. In biology, a kingdom is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain. Kingdoms are divided into smaller groups called phyla (singular phylum). Traditionally, some textbooks from the United States and Canada used a system of six kingdoms ( Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea ...
Basidiomycota ( / bəˌsɪdi.oʊmaɪˈkoʊtə /) [ 2] is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the " higher fungi ") within the kingdom Fungi. Members are known as basidiomycetes. [ 3] More specifically, Basidiomycota includes these groups: agarics, puffballs ...
Glomeromycota (often referred to as glomeromycetes, as they include only one class, Glomeromycetes) are one of eight currently recognized divisions within the kingdom Fungi, [ 3] with approximately 230 described species. [ 4] Members of the Glomeromycota form arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs) with the thalli of bryophytes and the roots of vascular ...
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. [ 2] The defining feature of this fungal group is the "ascus" (from Ancient Greek ἀσκός (askós) 'sac ...
Crustose lichens are lichens that form a crust which strongly adheres to the substrate (soil, rock, tree bark, etc.), making separation from the substrate impossible without destruction. [ 1] The basic structure of crustose lichens consists of a cortex layer, an algal layer, and a medulla. The upper cortex layer is differentiated and is usually ...
Hyaloraphidiales. Sanchytriomycetes [ 1 ] Sanchytriales. Chytridiomycota are a division of zoosporic organisms in the kingdom Fungi, informally known as chytrids. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek χυτρίδιον ( khutrídion ), meaning "little pot", describing the structure containing unreleased zoospores.