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The first volume is dedicated to the emergence of the university in the Middle Ages and its development until around 1500. Volume II describes and analyzes the university from the Reformation until the French Revolution (1500–1800), volume III the rise of the modern university until World War II (1800–1945) and the last volume the post-war period up to the present time.
European universities date from the founding of the University of Bologna in 1088 or the University of Paris (c. 1150–70). The original medieval universities arose from the Roman Catholic Church schools. Their purposes included training professionals, scientific investigation, improving society, and teaching critical thinking and research.
A 1911 map of medieval universities in Europe The University of Bologna in Bologna, Italy, founded in 1088, the world's oldest university in continuous operation [1] A dining hall at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, the world's second-oldest university and oldest in the English-speaking world A partial view of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England, the world's third ...
The Humboldtian model of higher education (German: Humboldtsches Bildungsideal) or just Humboldt's ideal is a concept of academic education that emerged in the early 19th century whose core idea is a holistic combination of research and studies. Sometimes called simply the Humboldtian model, it integrates the arts and sciences with research to ...
Domaine byzantin", in: Dictionnaire encyclopédique du Moyen Âge, Vol. 2, Éditions du Cerf, Paris, 1997, ISBN 2-204-05866-1, p. 1553: Le nom "université" désigne au Moyen Âge occidental une organisation corporative des élèves et des maîtres, avec ses fonctions et privilèges, qui cultive un ensemble d'études supérieures.
The Magna Charta Universitatum (Great Charter of Universities) is a short two-page document signed in Bologna, Italy in 1988 explicitly defining key principles underpinning the existence of universities such as academic freedom and institutional autonomy. [ 1] The document is signed by higher education institutions with the aim to recognize and ...
On 17 May 1933, members of the university faculty and students took part in book burnings at Universitätsplatz ("University Square") [13] and Heidelberg was eventually infamous as NSDAP university. The inscription above the main entrance of the New University was changed from "The Living Spirit" to "The German Spirit", [ 14 ] and many ...
Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is among a select group of universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U.S., west of the Allegheny Mountains. [ 2]