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Char cloth, also called char paper, is a material with low ignition temperature, used as tinder when lighting a fire. It is the main component in a tinderbox.It is a small swatch of fabric made from a natural fibre (such as linen, cotton, jute etc.) that has been converted through pyrolysis.
Devoré – or burnout technique – applied to green velvet fabric. Devoré (also called burnout) is a fabric technique particularly used on velvets, where a mixed-fibre material undergoes a chemical process to dissolve the cellulose fibres to create a semi-transparent pattern against more solidly woven fabric.
The mantle is a roughly pear-shaped fabric bag, made from silk, ramie-based artificial silk, or rayon. The fibers are impregnated with metallic salts; when the mantle is first heated in a flame, the fibers burn away in seconds and the metallic salts convert to solid oxides, forming a brittle ceramic oxide shell in the shape of the original fabric.
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Shearing or singeing smooths the fabric by removing the fine protruding fibers on the surface of the fabric. Flame singeing is the standard process: the wet fabric is passed through an array of gas burners at a suitable distance to burn the pills off of its surface.
The term fire-retardant as applied to organic (i.e., containing carbon) materials, is intended to refer to reduced fire hazard, as all will burn under certain circumstances. The tests used specified in building codes , such as NFPA 701, are more correctly flame resistance tests, which test a fabric's ability to resist ignition with the flame ...
Burn rate (typically expressed in mm/s or in/s) is the sample length over time at a given pressure and temperature. For solid fuel propellant, the most common method of measuring burn rate is the Crawford Type Strand Burning Rate Bomb System [3] (also known as the Crawford Burner or Strand Burner), as described in MIL-STD-286C. [4]
The fibers are heat sensitive and will shrink at 121 °C (250 °F) and will stiffen at temperatures over 149 °C (300 °F). [3] ... knit-pile fabric backings, and ...