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While the spectrum of eye colors is as vast as the human experience itself, ... 8-10 percent of the world's population have blue eyes. ... There are also rare cases of violet and red-colored eyes.
The irises of human eyes exhibit a wide spectrum of colours. Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic trait determined by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris [1] [2] and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.
In sectoral heterochromia, areas of the same iris contain two different colors, the contrasting colors being demarcated in a radial, or sectoral, manner. Sectoral heterochromia may affect one or both eyes. [31] It is unknown how rare sectoral heterochromia is in humans, but it is considered to be less common than complete heterochromia.
The inheritance pattern followed by blue eyes was previously assumed to be a mendelian recessive trait, however, eye color inheritance is now recognized as a polygenic trait, meaning that it is controlled by the interactions of several genes. [56] Blue eyes are predominant in northern and eastern Europe, particularly around the Baltic Sea.
According to CNN, Dr. Gary Heiting, a licensed optometrist and senior editor of All About Vision explained why all human eyes are actually brown, no matter if they look blue or greenish.
As humans typically exhibit three classes of cones, cone monochromats can hypothetically derive their photopic vision from any one of them, leading to three categories of cone monochromats: [4] Blue cone monochromacy (BCM), also known as S-cone monochromacy, is an X-linked cone disease. [ 5 ]
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Waardenburg syndrome is a group of rare genetic conditions characterised by at least some degree of congenital hearing loss and pigmentation deficiencies, which can include bright blue eyes (or one blue eye and one brown eye), a white forelock or patches of light skin.