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Tic-tac-toe A completed game of tic-tac-toe Other names Noughts and Crosses Xs and Os Genres Paper-and-pencil game Players 2 Setup time Minimal Playing time ~1 minute Chance None Skills Strategy, tactics, observation Tic-tac-toe (American English), noughts and crosses (Commonwealth English), or Xs and Os (Canadian or Irish English) is a paper-and-pencil game for two players who take turns ...
A solved game is a game whose outcome (win, lose or draw) can be correctly predicted from any position, assuming that both players play perfectly.This concept is usually applied to abstract strategy games, and especially to games with full information and no element of chance; solving such a game may use combinatorial game theory or computer assistance.
An important notion in combinatorial game theory is that of the solved game. For example, tic-tac-toe is considered a solved game, as it can be proven that any game will result in a draw if both players play optimally. Deriving similar results for games with rich combinatorial structures is difficult.
In tic-tac-toe, pieces are placed (or marks are made) until the board is full; if neither player has an orthogonal or diagonal line at this point, the game is a draw. Extended tic-tac-toe, like the three men's morris game, each player has three pieces, but when moving pieces, players must first move their first pieces, then the second pieces ...
Order and Chaos is a variant of the game tic-tac-toe on a 6×6 gameboard. It was invented by Stephen Sniderman and introduced by him in Games magazine in 1981. [1] The player Order strives to create a five-in-a-row of either Xs or Os. The opponent Chaos endeavors to prevent this.
With perfect play, if neither side can force a win, the game is a draw. Some games with relatively small game trees have been proven to be first or second-player wins. For example, the game of nim with the classic 3–4–5 starting position is a first-player-win game. However, Nim with the 1-3-5-7 starting position is a second-player-win.
A complete game of Notakto, a misère variant of the game. Tic-tac-toe is an instance of an m,n,k-game, where two players alternate taking turns on an m×n board until one of them gets k in a row. [1] Harary's generalized tic-tac-toe is an even broader generalization. The game can also be generalized as a n d game. [2]
An m,n,k-game is an abstract board game in which two players take turns in placing a stone of their color on an m-by-n board, the winner being the player who first gets k stones of their own color in a row, horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. [1] [2] Thus, tic-tac-toe is the 3,3,3-game and free-style gomoku is the 15,15,5-game.
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