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According to the NC-PTSD, psychological first aid is an evidence-informed modular approach for assisting people in the immediate aftermath of disaster and terrorism to reduce initial distress and to foster short and long-term adaptive functioning. It was used by non-mental health experts, such as responders and volunteers.
Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a system of support for individuals and groups who have been exposed to trauma.It is a form of psychological first aid.It includes pre-incident preparedness and acute crisis management through post-crisis follow-up.
Mental health first aid is an extension of the concept of first aid to cover mental health, [2] while psychological first aid is used as early treatment of people who are at risk for developing PTSD. [3] Conflict first aid, focused on preservation and recovery of an individual's social or relationship well-being, is being piloted in Canada.
The first mental health first aid training program was developed in Australia in 2001 by a research team led by Betty Kitchener and Anthony Jorm. [3] The program was created to teach members of the general public how to provide initial support to people experiencing mental health problems, as well as to connect them with appropriate professional help and community resources. [4]
Emotional First Aid: Practical Strategies for Treating Failure, Rejection, Guilt, and Other Everyday Psychological Injuries is a self-help book by Guy Winch, an American clinical psychologist. Background
The individual intervention technique used in CISM is a version of psychological first aid. [10] A literature review concluded that a primary flaw in criticism of CISM is "the lack of consistent terminology," which has led investigators to evaluate distinct interventions as if they were identical, and to use variable outcome measures, making it ...
Peer support programs have also been implemented to address stress and psychological trauma among law-enforcement personnel [52] [53] and firefighters as well as emergency medical responders. [54] Peer support is an important component of the critical incident stress management program used to alleviate stress and trauma among disaster first ...
When using crisis intervention methods for the disabled individual, every effort should first be made to first find other, preventative methods, such as giving adequate physical, occupational and speech therapy, and communication aides including sign language and augmentative communication systems, behavior and other plans, to first help that ...