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Complaints of non-restorative sleep without troubles of initiating or maintaining sleep are excluded. These difficulties are not primarily caused by a circadian rhythm disorder. In the case of a circadian rhythm disorder treatments such as phototherapy or chronobiologic interventions might be more suitable. However many primary insomnia ...
The clinical practice of behavioral sleep medicine applies behavioral and psychological treatment strategies to sleep disorders. [3] [12] BSM specialists provide clinical services including assessment and treatment of sleep disorders and co-occurring psychological symptoms and disorders, often in conjunction with pharmacotherapy and medical devices that may be prescribed by medical professionals.
Non-pharmacological treatment of insomnia has become an alternative replacement or complement to routine medical care. [7] People can use progressive muscle relaxation as a treatment for some cases of insomnia, particularly chronic insomnia. [7] People use PMR to reduce physical tension and interrupt the racing thoughts processes that affect ...
[23] [8] In the European Union, it is indicated for the treatment of insomnia in children and adolescents. [18] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) treats melatonin as a dietary supplement and, as such, has not approved it for any medical uses. [17] It was approved for medical use in the European Union in 2007. [8]
Complex or multicomponent interventions use multiple strategies, [5] and they often involve the participation of several types of care providers. [6] Non-pharmacological interventions can call on various fields of expertise, such as surgery, medical devices, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and behavioral interventions. [6]
This occurs due to paradoxical intention overcoming performance anxiety and facilitating natural sleep, unlike situations where external factors e.g. noise, temperature, etc. affect sleeping ability. Recursive anxiety is also a result of the anticipatory fear that anxiety causes a lack of self-control leading to public embarrassment and judgement.
[54] [55] [56] The effectiveness of MBSR in treating psychological disorders, particularly anxiety and depression, has been supported by recent meta-analytic evidence. However, MBSR was found to be not more effective than traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and showed only moderate efficacy compared to other active treatments. [ 57 ]
People with the disorder who try to live on a normal schedule cannot fall asleep at a "reasonable" hour and have extreme difficulty waking because their biological clocks are not in phase with that schedule. Non-DSPD people who do not adjust well to working a night shift have similar symptoms (diagnosed as shift-work sleep disorder).
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