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  2. Backflow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow

    Backflow occurs for one of two reasons, either back pressure or back siphonage. [1] Back pressure is the result of a higher pressure in the system than in its supply, i.e. the system pressure has been increased by some means. This may occur in unvented heating systems, where thermal expansion increases the pressure. Back siphonage is the result ...

  3. Crossflow cylinder head - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossflow_cylinder_head

    A crossflow head gives better performance than a Reverse-flow cylinder head (though not as good as a uniflow), but the popular explanation put forward for this — that the gases do not have to change direction and hence are moved into and out of the cylinder more efficiently — is a simplification since there is no continuous flow because of valve opening and closing.

  4. Siphon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siphon

    Back siphonage is not to be confused with backflow; which is the reversed flow of water from the outlet end to the supply end caused by pressure occurring at the outlet end. [51] Also, building codes usually demand a check valve where the water supply enters a building to prevent backflow into the drinking water system.

  5. Reverse flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_flow

    Reverse flow may refer to: In engine technology a reverse flow cylinder head is one that locates the intake and exhaust ports on the same side of the engine. Reverse logistics, i.e. goods/waste flowing in the distribution network having consumers as point of origin; Reverse electron flow is a mechanism in microbial metabolism

  6. Boundary conditions in fluid dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boundary_conditions_in...

    Showing outlet flow velocity in a pipe. In outlet boundary conditions, the distribution of all flow variables needs to be specified, mainly flow velocity. This can be thought as a conjunction to inlet boundary condition. This type of boundary conditions is common and specified mostly where outlet velocity is known. [1]

  7. Backflow prevention device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow_prevention_device

    Back-siphonage occurs when higher pressure fluids, gases, or suspended solids move to an area of lower pressure fluids. For example, when a drinking straw is used to consume a beverage, suction reduces the pressure of fluid inside the straw, causing liquid to move from the cup to inside the straw and then into the drinker's mouth.

  8. Eddy (fluid dynamics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_(fluid_dynamics)

    This can occur around cylinders and spheres, for any fluid, cylinder size and fluid speed, provided that the flow has a Reynolds number in the range ~40 to ~1000. [1] In fluid dynamics, an eddy is the swirling of a fluid and the reverse current created when the fluid is in a turbulent flow regime. [2]

  9. Separator (oil production) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separator_(oil_production)

    A back pressure valve on the gas outlet to maintain a steady pressure in the vessel. Pressure relief devices. Separators work on the principle that the three components have different densities , which allows them to stratify when moving slowly with gas on top, water on the bottom and oil in the middle.