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In 1742, following the Russian occupation of Finland in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743) and vague promises of making the country independent, the four estates gathered in Turku and decided to ask Empress Elizabeth of Russia if the then Duke Peter of Holstein-Gottorp, grand-nephew of the late king Charles XII of Sweden, could be proclaimed as the King of Finland.
This is a list of heads of state of Finland; that is, the kings of Sweden with regents and viceroys of the Kalmar Union, the grand dukes of Finland, a title used by most Swedish monarchs and Russian emperors, up to the two-year regency following the independence in 1917, with a brief flirtation with a truly domestic monarchy.
King: Norodom Sihamoni Cambodia: 14 October 2004 [k] (20 years, 94 days) Norodom [l] Ceremonial: Hereditary and elective [m] [39] King: Frederik X Denmark: 14 January 2024 (1 year, 2 days) Glücksburg (official) [n] Monpezat : Ceremonial: Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark [43] King: Mswati III Eswatini: 25 April 1986 (38 years, 266 days ...
These are the approximate categories which present monarchies fall into: [citation needed]. Commonwealth realms.King Charles III is the monarch of fifteen Commonwealth realms (Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, The Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, and the United ...
After Finland's independence and the Civil War in Finland the matter of whether Finland should be a republic or a constitutional monarchy was much debated (see Frederick Charles of Hesse), and the outcome was a compromise: a rather monarchy-like, strong presidency with great powers over Finland's foreign affairs, the appointment of the ...
The Regency Council of the Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918) acted on behalf of the king that was never elected. A few new monarchies emerged for a brief period of time in the final years of World War I: [citation needed] the Kingdom of Finland (1918–1919) the Kingdom of Lithuania (1918) the Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918) the Ukrainian State ...
Regent (interim head of state) of Finland (1918–1919). Commander-in-Chief of the Finnish Defence Forces (1939–1945). The only Field Marshal and Marshal of Finland. Decreed as president in 1944 by an exception law. Resigned in 1946 because of poor health. Finland's only non-partisan president and the only president to die outside Finland. 7.
The bishop had ecclesiastical authority over much of today's Finland, and was usually the most powerful man there. Bishops were often Finns, whereas the commanders of castles were more often Scandinavian or German noblemen. In 1362, representatives from Finland were called to participate in the elections for the king of Sweden.