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Seen here is adaptive radiation of finch A (Geospiza magnirostris) into three other species of finches found on the Galapagos Islands. Due to the absence of other species of birds, the finches adapted to new niches. The finches' beaks and bodies changed allowing them to eat certain types of foods such as nuts, fruits, and insects.
The HMGA2 gene locus is responsible for the evolution of beak size and plays an important role in natural selection. [19] The range size of a medium ground finch varies. It relies on many factors, such as the part of year it is, age, and the sex of the bird. [20] Females that are incubating are more likely to remain in her nesting territory. [20]
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.
Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, sometimes leading to speciation. Divergent evolution is typically exhibited when two populations become separated by a geographic barrier (such as in allopatric or peripatric speciation ) and experience different ...
Weiner describes years of painstaking field work on a desert island among the Galapagos, Daphne Major. Following years of intense drought or flooding, the Grants and their students were able to demonstrate all the necessary requirements for natural selection: traits have fitness consequences, respond to selection, and are heritable.
Big Bird, also known as the Big Bird lineage, is one of the species of Darwin's finches that is exclusively present on Daphne Major of the Galápagos Islands.It originated from a mixed-breed of the Española cactus finch (Geospiza conirostris) and the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) that immigrated to Daphne Major in 1981. [1]
Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands are a model system for the study of adaptive radiation. [10] Today represented by approximately 15 species, Darwin's finches are Galapagos endemics famously adapted for a specialized feeding behavior (although one species, the Cocos finch ( Pinaroloxias inornata ), is not found in the Galapagos but on ...
Reinforcement, also called the Wallace effect, is the process by which natural selection increases reproductive isolation. [19] It may occur after two populations of the same species are separated and then come back into contact. If their reproductive isolation was complete, then they will have already developed into two separate incompatible ...