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Surface tension is the tendency of liquid surfaces at rest to shrink into the minimum surface area possible. Surface tension is what allows objects with a higher density than water such as razor blades and insects (e.g. water striders) to float on a water surface without becoming even partly submerged.
Water, being the most polar-solvent listed above, stabilizes the ionized species to a greater extent than does DMSO or Acetonitrile. Ionization - and, thus, acidity - would be greatest in water and lesser in DMSO and Acetonitrile, as seen in the table below, which shows p K a values at 25 °C for acetonitrile (ACN) [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and ...
Stability: Stable, but very flammable Melting point: 5.5 C Water solubility: negligible Specific gravity: 0.87 Principal hazards *** Benzene is a carcinogen (cancer-causing agent). *** Very flammable. The pure material, and any solutions containing it, constitute a fire risk. Safe handling
The change in chemical potential of a solvent when a solute is added explains why boiling point elevation takes place. The boiling point elevation is a colligative property, which means that boiling point elevation is dependent on the number of dissolved particles but not their identity.
In the above equation, T F is the normal freezing point of the pure solvent (273 K for water, for example); a liq is the activity of the solvent in the solution (water activity for aqueous solution); ΔH fus T F is the enthalpy change of fusion of the pure solvent at T F, which is 333.6 J/g for water at 273 K; ΔC fus p is the difference ...
K ow, being a type of partition coefficient, serves as a measure of the relationship between lipophilicity (fat solubility) and hydrophilicity (water solubility) of a substance. The value is greater than one if a substance is more soluble in fat-like solvents such as n-octanol, and less than one if it is more soluble in water. [citation needed]
In chemistry, chemical stability is the thermodynamic stability of a chemical system, in particular a chemical compound or a polymer. [ 1 ] Chemical stability may also refer to the shelf-life of a particular chemical compound; that is the duration of time before it begins to degrade in response to environmental factors.
For ordinary materials, the bulk compressibility (sum of the linear compressibilities on the three axes) is positive, that is, an increase in pressure squeezes the material to a smaller volume. This condition is required for mechanical stability. [8] However, under very specific conditions, materials can exhibit a compressibility that can be ...