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Undercut created during welding. In welding, undercutting is when the weld reduces the cross-sectional thickness of the base metal. This type of defect reduces the ...
Shrinkage then introduces residual stresses and distortion. Distortion can pose a major problem since the final product is not the desired shape. To alleviate certain types of distortion, the workpieces can be offset so that after welding, the product is the correct shape. [19] The following pictures describe various types of welding distortion ...
Defects were modeled using notches and holes in the outside of the pipe. The crawler was design with the microwave probes on a rotating head and sensors on the wheels to measure travel distance of the crawler. They were able to identify 1mm wide and 1mm deep defects on a 9.8 mm thick pipe wall for the above ground and undersea set-ups.
Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) is a procedure by which the safety of a welded structure with defects or flaws can be determined. ECAs utilize the material properties and expected stress history to determine a flaw acceptance criteria which will ensure that welds will not fail during the construction or service life of the welded structure. [1]
Most weld purging is carried out on joints made by the TIG or GTAW arc welding process. [6] When the laser welding process is chosen, joints or welds being made on reactive materials will need to be carried out and in the case of electron beam welding, this is carried out in a vacuum, in which case purging takes place by complete evacuation of all gas.
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Inline coherent imaging (ICI) is a recently developed interferometric technique based on optical coherence tomography [8] that is used for quality assurance of keyhole laser beam welding, a welding method that is gaining popularity in a variety of industries. ICI aims a low-powered broadband light source through the same optical path as the ...
Today's NYT Connections puzzle for Monday, January 13, 2025The New York Times