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Abdullah personally led guerrilla raids on garrisons. [7] Abdullah became emir of Transjordan in April 1921. He upheld his alliance with the British during World War II, and became king after Transjordan gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1946. [6]
Establishment of the Emirate of Transjordan refers to the government that was set up in Transjordan on 11 April 1921, following a brief interregnum period. Abdullah , the second son of Sharif Hussein (leader of the 1916 Great Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire ), arrived from Hejaz by train in Ma'an in southern Transjordan on 21 November 1920.
The Emirate of Transjordan (Arabic: إمارة شرق الأردن, romanized: Imārat Sharq al-Urdun, lit. 'the emirate east of the Jordan'), officially known as the Amirate of Trans-Jordan, was a British protectorate established on 11 April 1921, [4] [1] [2] which remained as such until achieving formal independence as the Kingdom of Transjordan in 1946.
The emir was powerless to repel these raids by himself, thus the British maintained a military base, with a small air force, at Marka, close to Amman. [4] The British military force was the primary obstacle against the Ikhwan, and ultimately helped Abdullah to secure his rule over Transjordan.
During the early modern period, the region of Transjordan was included under the jurisdiction of Ottoman Syrian provinces. After the Great Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule during the 1910s, the Emirate of Transjordan was established in 1921 by Hashemite Emir Abdullah, and the emirate became a British protectorate.
The Treaty of London was signed between the United Kingdom and the Emirate of Trans-Jordan on 22 March 1946 and came into force on 17 June 1946. [1]The treaty concerned the sovereignty and independence of the Arab state of Transjordan (officially written as Trans-Jordan), which would now be known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan, with Emir Abdullah I as its king.
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. League of Nations – Mandate for Palestine and Transjordan Memorandum British Command Paper 1785, December 1922, containing the Mandate for Palestine and the Transjordan memorandum Whilst the Mandate for Palestine document covered both Mandatory Palestine (from 1920) and the Emirate of Transjordan ...
On May 25, 1923 Britain formally announced the self-government of Transjordan under emir Abdullah, and the emir issued a general pardon for the Kura rebels in honor of this occasion. [ 1 ] With the end of the Kura affair, another trouble began to loom as the feud between Bani Sakhr , headed by Mithqal Al-Fayez – especially favored by Emir ...