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Piezoelectric spotting is a similar method to ink-jet printing. The printhead moves across the array, and at each spot uses electric stimulation to deliver the protein molecules onto the surface via tiny jets. This is also a non-contact process. [10] Photolithography is a fourth method of arraying the proteins onto the surface.
Piezoelectric balance presented by Pierre Curie to Lord Kelvin, Hunterian Museum, Glasgow. Piezoelectricity (/ ˌ p iː z oʊ-, ˌ p iː t s oʊ-, p aɪ ˌ iː z oʊ-/, US: / p i ˌ eɪ z oʊ-, p i ˌ eɪ t s oʊ-/) [1] is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials—such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA, and various proteins—in ...
A microarray is a multiplex lab-on-a-chip. [1] Its purpose is to simultaneously detect the expression of thousands of biological interactions. It is a two-dimensional array on a solid substrate—usually a glass slide or silicon thin-film cell—that assays (tests) large amounts of biological material using high-throughput screening miniaturized, multiplexed and parallel processing and ...
A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface. Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously or to genotype multiple regions of a genome.
DNA can be the analyte of a biosensor, being detected through specific means, but it can also be used as part of a biosensor or, theoretically, even as a whole biosensor. Many techniques exist to detect DNA, which is usually a means to detect organisms that have that particular DNA. DNA sequences can also be used as described above.
A thin film is a layer of materials ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers in thickness. [1] The controlled synthesis of materials as thin films (a process referred to as deposition) is a fundamental step in many applications.
DNA footprinting is a method of investigating the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins in vitro. This technique can be used to study protein-DNA interactions both outside and within cells. The regulation of transcription has been studied extensively, and yet there is still much that is unknown.
piezoelectric voltage constant~0.079 Vm/N Bending using a tungsten probe d = 10 Wang et al. 2007 [91] BaTiO 3 - d 33 = 45 pC/N Direct tensile test d ~ 280 Jeong et al. 2014 [92] Alkaline niobate (KNLN) film d 33 = 310 pC/N - Park et al. 2010 [93] BaTiO 3: Thin film d 33 = 190 pC/N Stoppel et al. 2011 [94] AlN Thin film d 33 =5 pC/N AFM Lee et ...