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The epididymis is present in male reptiles, birds, mammals, and cartilaginous fish. [1] The caput epididymidis is fused to the testis in eutherian mammals, but not in marsupials. [13] In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis and which receives the various efferent ducts.
WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 - also known as Human Epididymis Protein 4 [5] (HE4) - is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WFDC2 gene. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] HE4 is a tumor marker of ovarian cancer , with 80% sensitivity at a cut-off of 150 pmol/L. [ 9 ]
The term epididymal hypertension is derived from the epididymis, a part of the male reproductive system. [8] The term is also applied to females despite the lack of an epididymis in female anatomy. Professor Caroline Pukall, who co-wrote the first in-depth study on EH, has suggested using the term throbbing crotch syndrome. [9]
A testicle or testis (pl. testes) is the gonad in all male bilaterians, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary in females. Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone. The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland.
Gonorrhea can cause a small, coiled tube in the rear portion of the testicles where the sperm ducts are located to become inflamed (epididymitis). Untreated epididymitis can lead to infertility. Infection that spreads to the joints and other areas of the body.
The epididymis is a long whitish mass of tightly coiled tube. The sperm that are produced in the seminiferous tubules flow into the epididymis. During passage via the epididymis, the sperm undergo maturation and are concentrated by the action of ion channels located on the apical membrane of the epididymis. [2]
In humans and other large mammals, there are approximately 15 to 20 efferent ducts, which also occupy nearly one-third of the head of the epididymis. b) single entry, as seen in most small animals such as rodents, whereby the 3–6 ductules merge into a single small ductule before entering the epididymis. [citation needed]
Spermatocele is a fluid-filled cyst that develops in the epididymis. [3] The fluid is usually a clear or milky white color and may contain sperm. [4] Spermatoceles are typically filled with spermatozoa [5] and they can vary in size from several millimeters to many centimeters.