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Debian (/ ˈ d ɛ b i ə n /), [7] [8] also known as Debian GNU/Linux, is a free and open source [b] Linux distribution, developed by the Debian Project, which was established by Ian Murdock in August 1993. Debian is one of the oldest operating systems based on the Linux kernel, and is the basis for many other Linux distributions.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. List of software distributions using the Linux kernel This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this ...
A light-weight Linux distribution is a Linux distribution that uses lower memory and processor-speed requirements than a more "feature-rich" Linux distribution. The lower demands on hardware ideally result in a more responsive machine , and allow devices with fewer system resources (e.g. older or embedded hardware ) to be used productively.
Some distributions like Debian tend to separate tools into different packages – usually stable release, development release, documentation and debug. Also counting the source package number varies. For debian and rpm based entries it is just the base to produce binary packages, so the total number of packages is the number of binary packages.
Debian Unstable, known as "Sid", contains all the latest packages as soon as they are available, and follows a rolling-release model. [6]Once a package has been in Debian Unstable for 2-10 days (depending on the urgency of the upload), doesn't introduce critical bugs and doesn't break other packages (among other conditions), it is included in Debian Testing, also known as "next-stable".
It is currently based on the Debian Bookworm (release 12) distribution. [23] Release 1.0 was announced on 29 April 2015. [24] A version based on Debian 10.0 was released on 8 July 2019. [25] The version based on Debian 11.0 was released on 16 August 2021, and the version based on Debian 11.1 was released on 23 September 2021. [7] [26] [27]
In June 2017, the Parrot Team announced they were considering to change from Debian to Devuan, mainly because of problems with systemd. [7] As of January 21st, 2019, the Parrot team has begun to phase out the development of their 32-bit ISO. [8] In August 2020, the Parrot OS officially supports Lightweight Xfce Desktop. [9]
Diagram showing an example file structure of a .deb file Frhed hex editor displaying the raw data of a Debian package. Prior to Debian 0.93, a package consisted of a file header and two concatenated gzip archives. [6] Since Debian 0.93, a deb package is implemented as an ar archive. [7] This archive contains three files in a specific order: [8] [9]