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Polemonium caeruleum, known as Jacob's-ladder [2] or Greek valerian, is a hardy perennial flowering plant. The plant produces cup-shaped, blue or white flowers. The plant produces cup-shaped, blue or white flowers.
[1] [2] A rhizomatous geophytic perennial reaching 1 to 1.5 m (3 to 5 ft), it has a cultivar, 'Aurea', that is widely available from commercial suppliers. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Botanical illustration
Valeriana is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caprifoliaceae, [1] members of which may be commonly known as valerians. It contains many species, including the garden valerian , Valeriana officinalis .
Valeriana dioica, the marsh valerian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to North America, Europe and Anatolia. [2] It is typically found in calcareous fens. [ 3 ] It is a dioecious species, with male and female flowers on separate individuals, and it is pollinated by small flies.
The leaves grow in opposite pairs and are oval or lanceolate in shape. The plant flowers profusely, and though the individual flowers are small (no more than 2 mm), the inflorescences are large and showy. The flowers are small in rounded clusters each with 5 fused petals and a spur.
Valeriana pauciflora, commonly called the largeflower valerian, [1] is a flowering plant species in the family Caprifoliaceae. It is native to the Eastern United States , where it is found in the regions of the Interior Low Plateau , the Ohio River drainage, and the Potomac River Valley. [ 2 ]
Valeriana sitchensis is a species of valerian known by the common name Sitka valerian. It is native to northwestern North America from Alaska and northern Canada to Montana to northern California, where it grows in many types of habitat, including moist mountain forests. In moist subalpine meadows, it is often one of the most common plants. [1]
The leaves and flower stems grow from a vertical crown with abundant fibrous roots. [1] The flowers are produced in panicles on weak stems from mid to late spring. They are 1.3 cm (1 ⁄ 2 in) long and have five light blue-violet petals that are fused at the base, enclosed by a tubular calyx with five pointed lobes. [1] The pollen is white.