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For these reasons, the Penn Museum has asserted that the bull head of the lyre is a representation of Utu/Shamash. [3] The head was made of a single piece of gold plating over a wooden core (now disintegrated) with gold plated ears and horns attached with small pegs. [4] The beard is made of carved lapis lazuli tesserae on a silver backing.
Below the head is a front panel made of shell inlay set into bitumen. [14] This panel depicts a figure holding onto a bull's horns above, and animals acting as humans below. The bull head itself likely represents the sun god Utu, who was thought to be able to descend into the underworld. [5] The lyre is held in the Penn Museum in Philadelphia.
Scorpion-men appear in the visual arts of Mesopotamia and ancient Iran before we know them from literature. Among the earliest representations of scorpion-men are an example from Jiroft in Iran, [5] as well as a depiction on the Bull Lyre [6] from the Early Dynastic Period city of Ur. Drawing of an Assyrian intaglio depicting scorpion men.
The Penn Museum is an archaeology ... Head-dress of a noblewoman buried ... The often traveling collection includes a well known Bull-headed lyre. The museum's ...
The number of grave goods that Woolley uncovered in Puabi's tomb was staggering. They included a heavy, golden headdress made of golden leaves, rings and plates; a superb lyre (see Lyres of Ur) complete with a golden and lapis lazuli-encrusted bearded bull's head; a profusion of gold tableware; golden, carnelian, and lapis lazuli cylindrical beads used in extravagant necklaces and belts; a ...
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The Royal Cemetery at Ur is an archaeological site in modern-day Dhi Qar Governorate in southern Iraq.The initial excavations at Ur took place between 1922 and 1934 under the direction of Leonard Woolley in association with the British Museum and the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
The ram's head and legs are layered in gold leaf which had been hammered against the wood and stuck to it with a thin wash of bitumen, while its ears are copper which are now green with verdigris. The horns and the fleece on its shoulders are of lapis lazuli , and the body's fleece is made of shell, attached to a thicker coat of bitumen.