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Butanone can react with most oxidizing materials and can produce fires. [8] It is moderately explosive, requiring only a small flame or spark to cause a vigorous reaction. [8] The vapor is heavier than air, so it can accumulate at low points. It is explosive at concentrations between 1.4 and 11.4%. [16]
Butyrophenone is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 C(O)C 3 H 7.It is a colorless liquid. The butyrophenone structure—a ketone flanked by a phenyl ring and a butyl chain—forms the basis for many other chemicals containing various substituents.
4-Hydroxyphenylacetone is the para-hydroxy analog of phenylacetone, an inactive metabolite of amphetamine in humans. [1] [2] When it occurs as a metabolite of amphetamine, it is produced directly from the inactive metabolite phenylacetone. [1] [3]
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.
Acetoin is a neutral, four-carbon molecule used as an external energy store by a number of fermentative bacteria. It is produced by the decarboxylation of alpha-acetolactate, a common precursor in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids.
[3] [4] In both species, it is subsequently metabolized into 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymes in humans and the phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (feaB) enzyme in E. coli. [3] [4] [5] The condensation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and dopamine is a key step in the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
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[1] 1,4-BD is a known prodrug of GHB which is converted into it through the actions of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] γ-Hydroxybutyraldehyde (GHBAL) is an intermediate in this pathway, [ 5 ] [ 6 ] whereas the analogous intermediate structure for 4-amino-1-butanol and GABA is γ-aminobutyraldehyde ...