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The most common form of sterilization in dogs and cats is surgical, spaying in females and castration in males. Non-surgical fertility control can either result in sterilization or temporary contraception and could offer a cheaper way to keep wild dog and cat populations under control. As of 2019, only contraceptives are commercially available.
In women, chemical castration acts by decreasing testosterone levels in order to lower their sex drive, side effects include the deflation of breast glands, expansion of the size of the nipple and shrinking of bone mass. In some jurisdictions, chemical castration has been used to reduce the libido of sexual offenders. [4]
It should be noted that many dogs who take the medication are older, so it's unclear whether the severe side effects are the result of the medication, their age, or other underlying health issues ...
The manufacturer, Ark Sciences, certifies veterinarians to use Zeuterin after they have completed a 5-hour course regarding the correct location and manner to inject the drug. [ 6 ] In the United States , this product was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2003, under the trade name Neutersol, and was marketed from 2003 to 2005 by ...
[citation needed] This study, performed in 2015, was unable to conclude the effects of chemical sterilization on dog aggression, as not enough is known about the aggression displayed by free-roaming dogs, and thus, researchers were unable to objectively make a decision on this front. Using GPS technology to track the movement of the free ...
Dangerous side effects from the injectable canine drug Librela — used to treat osteoarthritis joint pain — have been linked to seizures, lameness and loss of muscle control, the FDA warned.
Other side effects in men include feminization and sexual dysfunction. [22] [23] Some side effects like breast changes and feminization are minimal when combined with castration. [24] While the medication appears to produce few side effects in women, its use in women is not explicitly approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) at this time.
These side effects may occur in as many as 90% of men treated with bicalutamide monotherapy, [29] but gynecomastia is generally reported to occur in 70 to 80% of patients. [30] In the EPC trial, at a median follow-up of 7.4 years, breast pain and gynecomastia respectively occurred in 73.6% and 68.8% of men treated with 150 mg/day bicalutamide ...