Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Historically, the jizya tax has been understood in Islam as a fee for protection provided by the Muslim ruler to non-Muslims, for the exemption from military service for non-Muslims, for the permission to practice a non-Muslim faith with some communal autonomy in a Muslim state, and as material proof of the non-Muslims' allegiance to the Muslim ...
kharaj - a land tax initially imposed only on non-Muslims but soon after mandated for Muslims as well. [1] ushr - a 10% tax on the harvests of irrigated land and 10% tax on harvest from rain-watered land and 5% on Land dependent on well water. [2] The term has also been used for a 10% tax on merchandise imported from states that taxed the ...
Under compulsory systems of zakat tax collection, such as Malaysia and Pakistan, evasion is very common and the zakat (alms tax) is regressive. [18] A considerable number of Muslims accept their duty to pay zakat, but deny that the state has a right to levy it, and they may pay zakat voluntarily while evading official collection. [84]
Beneficiaries of zakat include orphans, widowed, poor muslims, debt-ridden, travelers, zakat collectors, new converts to Islam, Islamic clergy. [9] [10] [11] Zakat is prescribed to cleanse the individual's wealth, heart, and baser characteristics in general, and to replace them with virtues. [12]
Non-Muslims were required to pay the jizya, an administrative tax on non-Muslims analogous to zakat (a Muslim only tax). The Jizya was applied only to young able-bodied adult males and exempted non-Muslims from military service. The Muslim state would then be responsible for the administration & security of the Non-Muslims. [65]
The diversity of Muslims in the United States is vast, and so is the breadth of the Muslim American experience. Relaying short anecdotes representative of their everyday lives, nine Muslim Americans demonstrate both the adversities and blessings of Muslim American life.
Muslim landowners, on the other hand, paid ushr, a religious tithe on land, which carried a lower rate of taxation, [2] and zakat. Ushr was a reciprocal 10% levy on agricultural land as well as merchandise imported from states that taxed Muslims on their products. Changes soon eroded the established tax base of the early Arab Caliphates.
[1] [2]: 470 The word literally means "protected person", [3] referring to the state's obligation under sharia to protect the individual's life, property, as well as freedom of religion, in exchange for loyalty to the state and payment of the jizya tax, in contrast to the zakat, or obligatory alms, paid by the Muslim subjects. [4]