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In vertebrate biology, iodine's primary function is as a constituent of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These molecules are made from addition-condensation products of the amino acid tyrosine, and are stored prior to release in an iodine-containing protein called thyroglobulin.
Iridium compounds are used as catalysts in the Cativa process for carbonylation of methanol to produce acetic acid. [92] [93] Iridium complexes are often active for asymmetric hydrogenation both by traditional hydrogenation. [94] and transfer hydrogenation. [95] This property is the basis of the industrial route to the chiral herbicide (S ...
How and why did cells combine to form the eukaryotic cell? Did one or more random events lead to the first eukaryotic cells, or can the formation of eukaryotic cells be explained by physical and biological principles?
He coined the term cell (from Latin cellula, meaning "small room" [41]) in his book Micrographia (1665). [42] [40] 1839: Theodor Schwann [43] and Matthias Jakob Schleiden elucidated the principle that plants and animals are made of cells, concluding that cells are a common unit of structure and development, and thus founding the cell theory.
Cell biology – study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell. Histology – study of the anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals using microscopy.
Light micrograph of a moss's leaf cells at 400X magnification. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: . Cell biology – A branch of biology that includes study of cells regarding their physiological properties, structure, and function; the organelles they contain; interactions with their environment; and their life cycle, division, and death.
Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. For instance, all organisms are composed of at least one cell that processes hereditary information encoded in genes , which can be transmitted to future generations.
Subsets of sensory intestinal epithelial cells synapse with nerves, [9] and are known as neuropod cells. [10] Paneth cells produce antimicrobial peptides such as human alpha-defensin. [11] [12] Microfold cells (commonly referred to as M cells) sample antigens from the lumen and deliver them to the lymphoid tissue associated with the mucosa (MALT).