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Fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) is an additive to aviation fuels that prevents the formation of ice in fuel lines. FSII is sometimes referred to by the registered, genericized trademark Prist. Jet fuel can contain a small amount of dissolved water that does not appear in droplet form. As an aircraft gains altitude, the temperature drops and ...
JP-8, or JP8 (for "Jet Propellant 8"), is a jet fuel, specified and used widely by the US military.It is specified by MIL-DTL-83133 and British Defence Standard 91-87, and similar to commercial aviation's Jet A-1, but with the addition of corrosion inhibitor and anti-icing additives.
Deicing a large commercial aircraft typically consumes between 500 US gallons (1,900 L) and 1,000 US gallons (3,800 L) of diluted fluid. The cost of fluid varies widely due to market conditions. The amount de-icing service companies charge end users is generally in the range of US$8 to US$12 per diluted gallon (US$2.10 to US$3.20 per liter).
The most commonly used fuels for commercial aviation are Jet A and Jet A-1, which are produced to a standardized international specification. The only other jet fuel commonly used in civilian turbine-engine powered aviation is Jet B, which is used for its enhanced cold-weather performance. Jet fuel is a mixture of a variety of hydrocarbons ...
The deicing process must take this into account to ensure that the aircraft remains free of contamination until it takes off. Typically this involves adding a viscous "anti-icing" fluid which will remain on the wings and immediately melt falling snow. The time between deicing/anti-icing treatments and take-off is called the "holdover time".
Instead, current causes a rapid rise in temperature, heating up twice as fast as nichrome, the heating element of choice for in-flight de-icing, while using half the energy at one ten-thousandth the weight. Sufficient material to cover the wings of a 747 weighs 80 g (2.8 oz) and costs roughly 1% of nichrome.
Carburetor heat is applied to carbureted engines to prevent and clear icing. Fuel-injected engines are not susceptible to carburetor icing, but can suffer from blocked inlets. In these engines, an alternate air source is often available. There is a difference between deicing and anti-icing.
Piston-engined aircraft use leaded gasoline and those with diesel engines may use jet fuel (kerosene). [1] By 2012, all aircraft operated by the U.S. Air Force had been certified to use a 50–50 blend of kerosene and synthetic fuel derived from coal or natural gas as a way of stabilizing the cost of fuel. [2]
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