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  2. Problem solving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_solving

    Problem solving is the process of achieving a goal by overcoming obstacles, a frequent part of most activities. Problems in need of solutions range from simple personal tasks (e.g. how to turn on an appliance) to complex issues in business and technical fields.

  3. Proportional reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_reasoning

    Less frequently the reason for two units is: "Before there is a total of 10 units because 4 + 6 = 10. The total number of units must stay the same so the answer is 2 because 2 + 8 = 10." So again there are individuals who are not at the formal operational level apply an additive strategy rather than a multiplicative strategy to solve an inverse ...

  4. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula.

  5. Metacognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metacognition

    MSK is an awareness of the type of thinking strategies being used in specific instances and it consists of the following abilities: making generalizations and drawing rules regarding a thinking strategy, naming the thinking strategy, explaining when, why and how such a thinking strategy should be used, when it should not be used, what are the ...

  6. Glossary of mathematical jargon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    Depending on authors, the term "maps" or the term "functions" may be reserved for specific kinds of functions or morphisms (e.g., function as an analytic term and map as a general term). mathematics See mathematics. multivalued A "multivalued function” from a set A to a set B is a function from A to the subsets of B.

  7. Glossary of calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_calculus

    An infinite series whose terms alternate between positive and negative. alternating series test Is the method used to prove that an alternating series with terms that decrease in absolute value is a convergent series. The test was used by Gottfried Leibniz and is sometimes known as Leibniz's test, Leibniz's rule, or the Leibniz criterion. annulus

  8. Backward induction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backward_induction

    In economic terms, this is a scenario with an implicit interest rate of zero and a constant marginal utility of money. Whether the person in question should accept a 'bad' job can be decided by reasoning backwards from time t = 10 {\displaystyle t=10} .

  9. Divergent thinking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divergent_thinking

    Convergent thinking is the opposite of divergent thinking as it organizes and structures ideas and information, which follows a particular set of logical steps to arrive at one solution, which in some cases is a "correct" solution. The psychologist J. P. Guilford first coined the terms convergent thinking and divergent thinking in 1956.