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Flora (pl.: floras or florae) is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring native plants. The corresponding term for animals is fauna, and for fungi, it is funga. [1] Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora as in the terms gut flora or skin flora for purposes of specificity.
Simplified schematic of an island's fauna – all its animal species, highlighted in boxes. Fauna (pl.: faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding terms for plants and fungi are flora and funga, respectively. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively referred to as biota.
India has an estimated 92,873 species of fauna, roughly about 7.5% of the species available worldwide. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Insects form the major category with 63423 recorded species. India is home to 423 mammals , 1233 birds , 526 reptiles , 342 amphibians , 3022 fish apart from other species which form 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird ...
The Tamils also designated specific faunal assemblages for each of these 5 landscapes. Unlike most of the natural history information in Indian poetry, the Sangam poems contain realistic descriptions of morphology, behaviour and ecology of various species, besides astonishing comparison of flora (or floral parts) with fauna (or their parts). [10]
They are home to some of earth's unique flora and fauna. Indian forests represent one of the 12 mega biodiverse regions of the world. India's Western Ghats and Eastern Himalayas are amongst the 32 biodiversity hotspots on earth. India is home to 12% of world's recorded flora, some 47000 species of flowering and non-flowering plants. [28]
Aarey Colony has an array of wild life and several species of insects, butterflies and birds. It has at least 86 species of trees [8] and 22 species of birds. A recent report submitted to the state highlights the rich biodiversity inside Aarey. [9]
India is the world's 8th most biodiverse region with a 0.46 BioD score on diversity index, 102,718 species of fauna and 23.39% of the nation's geographical area under forest and tree cover in 2020. [1]
There are 18 biosphere reserves in India. [1] They protect larger areas of natural habitat than a typical national park or animal sanctuary, and often include one or more national parks or reserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses.