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where n > 1 is an integer and p, q, r are prime numbers, then 2 n × p × q and 2 n × r are a pair of amicable numbers. This formula gives the pairs (220, 284) for n = 2, (17296, 18416) for n = 4, and (9363584, 9437056) for n = 7, but no other such pairs are known. Numbers of the form 3 × 2 n − 1 are known as Thabit numbers.
A regular number has no prime factor above 5 (so it is 5-smooth). ... 88: 2 3 ·11 89: 89: 90: 2·3 2 ·5 91: 7·13 92: 2 2 ... 220: 2 2 ·5·11 221 − 240 221: 13 ...
Because the set of primes is a computably enumerable set, by Matiyasevich's theorem, it can be obtained from a system of Diophantine equations. Jones et al. (1976) found an explicit set of 14 Diophantine equations in 26 variables, such that a given number k + 2 is prime if and only if that system has a solution in nonnegative integers: [7]
It is the smallest even number with the property that when represented as a sum of two prime numbers (per Goldbach's conjecture) both of the primes must be greater than or equal to 23. [5] There are exactly 220 different ways of partitioning 64 = 8 2 into a sum of square numbers. [6]
In mathematics, the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, also called the unique factorization theorem and prime factorization theorem, states that every integer greater than 1 can be represented uniquely as a product of prime numbers, up to the order of the factors. [3] [4] [5] For example,
In mathematics, factorization (or factorisation, see English spelling differences) or factoring consists of writing a number or another mathematical object as a product of several factors, usually smaller or simpler objects of the same kind. For example, 3 × 5 is an integer factorization of 15, and (x – 2)(x + 2) is a polynomial ...
In number theory, the prime omega functions and () count the number of prime factors of a natural number . Thereby (little omega) counts each distinct prime factor, whereas the related function () (big omega) counts the total number of prime factors of , honoring their multiplicity (see arithmetic function).
In mathematics, a prime number p is called a Chen prime if p + 2 is either a prime or a product of two primes (also called a semiprime). The even number 2 p + 2 therefore satisfies Chen's theorem . The Chen primes are named after Chen Jingrun , who proved in 1966 that there are infinitely many such primes.