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Osmium (from Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ) ' smell ') is a chemical element; it has symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mostly in platinum ores. Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element.
The failure of a material is usually classified into brittle failure or ductile failure . Depending on the conditions (such as temperature, state of stress, loading rate) most materials can fail in a brittle or ductile manner or both. However, for most practical situations, a material may be classified as either brittle or ductile.
The ductile failure model of Lynch [17] and Popovich [18] predicted that adsorption of the liquid metal leads to the weakening of atomic bonds and nucleation of dislocations, which move under stress, pile up and work harden the solid. Also, dissolution helps in the nucleation of voids which grow under stress and cause ductile failure.
Alumina Partners of Jamaica, also known as Alpart, is a company that owns and operates a bauxite refinery in Nain, Jamaica. [1] Alpart was founded in 1969 as a joint venture by Kaiser Aluminum, Reynolds Aluminum, and Anaconda. [2] Alpart exports 1.65 million tonnes of alumina overseas per year, and earned gross revenues of US$1.3 billion in ...
Air Jamaica: Consumer services Airline Kingston: 1968 Airline, defunct 2015 P D Alpart: Basic materials Aluminum Nain: 1969 Aluminum P A Bank of Jamaica: Financials Banks Kingston: 1961 Central bank S A Beaches Resorts: Consumer services Hotels Ocho Rios: 1997 Hotels P A Bob Marley Museum: Consumer services Recreational services Kingston: 1987 ...
Duplex stainless steel is widely used in industry because it possesses excellent oxidation resistance, but it can have limited toughness due to its large ferritic grain size and embrittlement tendencies at temperatures ranging from 280 to 500 °C, especially at 475 °C, where spinodal decomposition of the supersaturated solid ferrite solution ...
These mechanisms can overlap in the brittle-ductile settings. Deformation mechanisms are commonly characterized as brittle , ductile , and brittle-ductile. The driving mechanism responsible is an interplay between internal (e.g. composition, grain size and lattice-preferred orientation) and external (e.g. temperature and fluid pressure) factors.
Intergranular fracture can occur in a wide variety of materials, including steel alloys, copper alloys, aluminum alloys, and ceramics. [6] [7] [3] In metals with multiple lattice orientations, when one lattice ends and another begins, the fracture changes direction to follow the new grain. This results in a fairly jagged looking fracture with ...