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  2. Crown glass (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_glass_(optics)

    Crown glass is a type of optical glass used in lenses and other optical components. It has relatively low refractive index (≈1.52) and low dispersion (with Abbe numbers between 50 and 85). Crown glass is produced from alkali-lime silicates containing approximately 10% potassium oxide and is one of the earliest low dispersion glasses .

  3. Flint glass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flint_glass

    An achromatic doublet, which combines crown glass and flint glass. A concave lens of flint glass is commonly combined with a convex lens of crown glass to produce an achromatic doublet lens because of their compensating optical properties , which reduces chromatic aberration (colour defects).

  4. Glass code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_code

    The international glass code is based on U.S. military standard MIL-G-174, and is a six-digit number specifying the glass according to its refractive index n d at the Fraunhofer d- (or D 3-) line, 589.3 nm, and its Abbe number V d also taken at that line.

  5. Catadioptric system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catadioptric_system

    In 1876 a French engineer, A. Mangin, invented what has come to be called the Mangin mirror, a concave glass reflector with the silver surface on the rear side of the glass. The two surfaces of the reflector have different radii to correct the aberration of the spherical mirror.

  6. Architectural glass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_glass

    A building in Canterbury, England, which displays its long history in different building styles and glazing of every century from the 16th to the 20th included. Architectural glass is glass that is used as a building material. It is most typically used as transparent glazing material in the building envelope, including windows in the external ...

  7. Surface imperfections (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_imperfections_(optics)

    This is a very basic surface characterization and is easy to achieve. It describes a scratch whose brightness is less than that of a scratch at visibility grade 80 and a dig with a diameter of up to 0.5 mm (50 hundredths = 50/100=0.5). 60-40 is considered "commercial" quality, while for demanding laser applications 20-10 or even 10-5 are used. [6]

  8. Glazing (window) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glazing_(window)

    Glazing, which derives from the Middle English for 'glass', is a part of a wall or window, made of glass. [1] [2] Glazing also describes the work done by a professional "glazier". Glazing is also less commonly used to describe the insertion of ophthalmic lenses into an eyeglass frame. [3]

  9. Curved mirror - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curved_mirror

    A concave mirror, or converging mirror, has a reflecting surface that is recessed inward (away from the incident light). Concave mirrors reflect light inward to one focal point. They are used to focus light. Unlike convex mirrors, concave mirrors show different image types depending on the distance between the object and the mirror.