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After the initial breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the two remaining Yugoslav republics—Montenegro and Serbia—reconstituted as Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992 and as State Union of Serbia and Montenegro in 2003, and continued to use the pan-Slavic flag until its own dissolution when Montenegro proclaimed independence in 2006.
The movement for Balkan Socialist Federation arose after the Young Turk Revolution in 1908. The First Balkan Socialist Conference was held on January 7–9, 1910 in Belgrade. The main platforms at this conference were Balkan unity and action against the impending wars. Another important aspect was the call for a solution to the Macedonian Question.
Flag Date Use Description 1918–1941: War flag of the Royal Yugoslav Army: The inscription reads "With faith in God, for King and Fatherland". 1918–1941: War flag of the Royal Yugoslav Army (in Latin script)
Yugoslav flags at a ski jumping contest, 1962. The flag of Yugoslavia was the official flag of the Yugoslav state from 1918 to 1992. The flag's design and symbolism are derived from the Pan-Slavic movement, which ultimately led to the unification of the South Slavs and the creation of a united south-Slavic state in 1918.
Contemporary map of the Slavic speaking countries of Europe. South Slavs appear in dark green, East Slavs in green, and West Slavs in light green.. Pan-Slavism, a movement that took shape in the mid-19th century, is the political ideology concerned with promoting integrity and unity for the Slavic people.
The main achievement of the Balkan federalist movements was the federation implemented in socialist Yugoslavia. However, the dissolution of this state in the 1990s was violent and dramatic, making a pan-Balkan federation even less popular and reinforcing the idea of culturally and ethnically homogeneous nation states. [18]
The United States began shipping weapons to Yugoslavia in 1951. Tito, however, was wary of becoming too dependent on the West as well, and military security arrangements concluded in 1953 as Yugoslavia refused to join NATO and began developing a significant military industry of its own.
Emblem once placed on the building of University of Niš, restored and repainted and now located in the city garden of Niš Fortress. During World War II (1943–1945), the Yugoslav state was named Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (DFY), in 1945 it was renamed Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (FPRY), and again in 1963 into Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY).