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ROMAN, OR FOURTH GREAT EMPIRE. Early constitution — Patricians — Plebeians — Invasion of Gaul — Punic wars — Hannibal — Wars with Alexander's successors — Roman character impaired — Gracchi — Marius — Sylla— Pompey — Julius Caesar — Augustus — Universal empire — Peace throughout the Roman world 127 CHAPTER XVIII.
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
The Year of the Five Emperors was AD 193, in which five men claimed the title of Roman emperor: Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Pescennius Niger, Clodius Albinus, and Septimius Severus. This year started a period of civil war when multiple rulers vied for the chance to become emperor.
Barbarian invasions of the Roman Empire, showing the Battle of Adrianople. Meanwhile, the Eastern Roman Empire faced its own problems with Germanic tribes. The Thervingi, an East Germanic tribe, fled their former lands following an invasion by the Huns. Their leaders Alavivus and Fritigern led them to seek refuge in the Eastern Roman Empire.
This line of emperors ruled the Roman Empire, from its formation (under Augustus, in 27 BC) until the last of the line, Emperor Nero, committed suicide (in AD 68). [ note 1 ] The name Julio-Claudian is a historiographical term, deriving from the two families composing the imperial dynasty: the Julii Caesares and Claudii Nerones.
The Five Emperors may refer to: The Five Good Emperors of the Roman Empire who ruled from 96 to 180: Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius; Year of the Five Emperors, 193 CE; The Five Emperors and Three Sovereigns, mythical rulers of ancient China; Wufang Shangdi a set of five Chinese deities called Emperors
The Romans fought off all invaders, most famously Attila, [41] but the empire had assimilated so many Germanic peoples of dubious loyalty to Rome that the empire started to dismember itself. [42] Most chronologies place the end of the Western Roman Empire in 476, when Romulus Augustulus was forced to abdicate to the Germanic warlord Odoacer ...
The Western and Eastern Roman Empires by 476 Fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD) – the two halves of the Roman Empire ended at different times, with the Western Roman Empire coming to an end in 476 AD (the end of Ancient Rome). The Eastern Roman Empire (referred to by historians as the Byzantine Empire) survived for nearly a thousand ...