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The Constitution of the Republic of Somaliland (Somali: Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland; Arabic: دستور جمهورية صوماليلاند) is the supreme source of national law of Somaliland, an unrecognised state considered to be part of Somalia by the international community, adopted by the Houses of the Parliament of Somaliland on 30 April 2000. [4]
The Government of Somaliland consists of legislative, executive, and judicial branches, each of which functions independently from the others. The Government runs under the framework established by the Constitution of Somaliland, adopted in 2001. It is a unitary state. [1] [2] The seat of the government is located in Hargeisa, the capital of ...
Under the 2001 Constitution of the Republic of Somaliland and the Somaliland Citizenship Law (No. 22/2002) persons who are citizens and entitled to rights within the territory of Somaliland are those born to a father who descends of a person who resided in Somaliland on or before 26 June 1960.
By 2013, UNICEF in conjunction with the Somali authorities reported that the prevalence rate among 1- to 14-year-old girls in the autonomous northern Puntland and Somaliland regions had dropped to 25% following a social and religious awareness campaign. [28] Article 15 of the Federal Constitution also officially prohibits the practice. [11]
The politics of Somaliland take place within a hybrid system of governance, which, under the Somaliland constitution, combines traditional and western institutions. The constitution separates government into an executive branch, a legislative branch, and a judicial branch, each of which functions independently from the others .
On 20 July 1961, and through a popular referendum, the Somali people ratified a new constitution, which was first drafted in 1960. [16] The constitution was widely regarded as unfair in the former Somaliland, however, and over 60% of the northern voters were against it in the referendum. Regardless, it was signed into law.
The constitution was amended in 2000 and the referendum was delayed until 2001. Meanwhile, the attempts to form a national government of Somalia and the formation of the Transitional National Government of Somalia in May 2000 encouraged Somaliland to hold a referendum to try to show Somaliland's desire for independence. [5]
The Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya) is the supreme law of Somalia. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the Federal Republic and source of legal authority. It sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of government.